Air quality
Air quality in San Fernando today
Updated
Moderate (US AQI 95) Acceptable for most people. Unusually sensitive people should consider shortening long or heavy exertion outdoors. Model estimate for Mon, Oct 26, 4:00 am (20:00 UTC).
Live AQI, PM2.5, PM10 and ozone for San Fernando, Central Luzon, Philippines, with a 48-hour forecast and the best time to be outside.
- US AQI now
- 95 Moderate
- PM2.5
- 36 µg/m³ 2.4× WHO 24-h guideline
- PM10
- 36 µg/m³
- Ozone
- 10 µg/m³
- Dominant pollutant
- PM2.5 sub-index 95
- Best hour today
- 9:00 pm AQI 86
- European AQI
- 52
Air quality in San Fernando right now
Right now the modelled US Air Quality Index for San Fernando, Central Luzon, Philippines is 95, which falls in the "Moderate" band (up to 100). Acceptable for most people. Unusually sensitive people should consider shortening long or heavy exertion outdoors.
The index is driven mainly by PM2.5, whose own sub-index is 95. Fine and coarse particles come from traffic, heating, industry, dust and smoke; they build up on calm nights and clear when wind or rain arrives.
PM2.5 is 36 µg/m³, 2.4 times the WHO 24-hour guideline of 15 µg/m³; PM10 is 36 µg/m³ against a guideline of 45; ozone is 10 µg/m³ (below the WHO 8-hour level of 100); nitrogen dioxide is 18 µg/m³ (below the 24-hour guideline of 25).
Also this hour: carbon monoxide 368 µg/m³.
San Fernando AQI forecast: next 48 hours
Over the next 24 hours the AQI is forecast to range from 77 around Tue 4:00 am to 95 around Mon 4:00 am, staying "Moderate" throughout.
The following day is expected to be cleaner, averaging about 70 against 88 for the next 24 hours.
| Local time (Asia/Manila) | US AQI | Category | PM2.5 µg/m³ | PM10 µg/m³ | Ozone µg/m³ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mon 4:00 am | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 | 36 | 10 |
| Mon 7:00 am | 93 | Moderate | 30.6 | 31 | 62 |
| Mon 10:00 am | 92 | Moderate | 16 | 20 | 116 |
| Mon 1:00 pm | 90 | Moderate | 10.9 | 14 | 109 |
| Mon 4:00 pm | 89 | Moderate | 10.5 | 13 | 86 |
| Mon 7:00 pm | 87 | Moderate | 20 | 22 | 42 |
| Mon 10:00 pm | 85 | Moderate | 35.3 | 38 | 13 |
| Tue 1:00 am | 80 | Moderate | 33.9 | 36 | 3 |
| Tue 4:00 am | 77 | Moderate | 23.7 | 25 | 0 |
| Tue 7:00 am | 75 | Moderate | 22.9 | 24 | 39 |
| Tue 10:00 am | 73 | Moderate | 6.2 | 7 | 72 |
| Tue 1:00 pm | 71 | Moderate | 4.4 | 5 | 74 |
| Tue 4:00 pm | 69 | Moderate | 4.9 | 6 | 59 |
| Tue 7:00 pm | 68 | Moderate | 10.4 | 12 | 30 |
| Tue 10:00 pm | 65 | Moderate | 22.1 | 24 | 9 |
| Wed 1:00 am | 63 | Moderate | 34.5 | 36 | 4 |
| Wed 4:00 am | 63 | Moderate | 27.8 | 29 | 0 |
Every third hour of the CAMS forecast via Open-Meteo. US AQI uses rolling averages (24 h for particles, 8 h for ozone), so it moves more slowly than the hourly concentrations.
Best time to be outside in San Fernando today
Between 6 am and 9 pm local time, the cleanest air today is forecast around 9:00 pm (AQI 86, Moderate) and the worst around 6:00 am (AQI 94). The difference across the day is small, so timing matters little.
San Fernando vs the rest of Philippines
Across 95 Philippines cities we track, the average US AQI right now is 77 (Moderate). San Fernando at 95 is 18 points worse than average.
It ranks 65 of 95 from cleanest to most polluted; the cleanest is Iloilo (21) and the most polluted Victoria, Calabarzon (107).
For context, the median across 3,556 cities worldwide is 58.
Air quality in cities near San Fernando
| City | Distance | US AQI | Category | PM2.5 µg/m³ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 5 km | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 |
| Bulaon | 6 km | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 |
| San Luis, Central Luzon | 11 km | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 |
| Santa Ana, Central Luzon | 11 km | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 |
| Apalit | 13 km | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 |
| Calumpit | 16 km | 95 | Moderate | 35.5 |
| Angeles City | 17 km | 72 | Moderate | 24 |
| Santol | 19 km | 72 | Moderate | 24 |
Model vs measured
We found no measured PM2.5 sensor cell within 25 km of San Fernando, so the numbers on this page are model estimates. Models capture regional pollution well but can miss very local sources such as a busy road or a nearby fire.
Wildfire smoke
PM2.5 is forecast to reach 37 µg/m³ in the next 24 hours while NASA satellites detected 4 fire hotspots within 300 km in the last day (nearest about 44 km away). Smoke is a likely contributor: keep windows closed, run an air purifier or HVAC filter, and check the fire map before heading out.
Advice for sensitive groups
At 95, most people are fine outdoors. If you are unusually sensitive to PM2.5, keep long or intense workouts to the cleaner hours shown above.
What the US AQI numbers mean
| US AQI | Category | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| 0-50 | Good | Air quality is satisfactory and poses little or no risk; a good time for outdoor activity. |
| 51-100 | Moderate | Acceptable for most people. Unusually sensitive people should consider shortening long or heavy exertion outdoors. |
| 101-150 | Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups | People with heart or lung disease, older adults, children and teens should cut back on prolonged or heavy exertion outdoors. |
| 151-200 | Unhealthy | Everyone should reduce prolonged or heavy exertion outdoors; sensitive groups should avoid it and keep windows closed. |
| 201-300 | Very Unhealthy | Health alert: everyone should avoid prolonged or heavy exertion outdoors, and sensitive groups should stay indoors. |
| 301-500 | Hazardous | Emergency conditions: everyone should avoid all outdoor physical activity and stay indoors with filtered air if possible. The scale tops out at 500; heavier dust or smoke is shown as 500. |
Values on this page are modelled by CAMS (Copernicus) and served by Open-Meteo; they are estimates for the area around the city centre, not readings from an official monitor.
Nearby cities
More for San Fernando
Air quality elsewhere
Data: Open-Meteo Air Quality API, Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), NASA FIRMS.